Adding-machine.



No. 842,232. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

G. N. MGFARLAND.

ADDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1906.

IV/ TNES ES INVENTOE PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

0. N. MQFARLAND. ADDING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION EILED MAY 14, 1906.

SHEET SHEET 2.

W1 TNESSES nv VEHTOB "CHARLES H M FARLAHD A TT'YS.

PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

0, N. MQPABLAND. ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1906.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

uvvz-Vvrae CHARLES N- M FAFPLAND- I WW ATT'YS.

PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

C. N. MOFARLAND. ADDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

//Y VE/YTOH CHARLES N M FAHLAND' M [mg UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNOR TO THE ADDER MACHINE COMPANY, OF KINGSTON BOR- OUGH, PENNSYLVANIA. A CORPORATIOX OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 29, 1907.

Application filed May 14,1906- 51 4 1 No; 316,827.

To all whom it may canoe-r721.-

Be-it known that I, CHARLES N. MoFAR- LAND, a citizen of the United States of Amen ica, residing at the borough of Dorranceton, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding-Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawin s.

The invention relates to adding-machines of the type in which a series of'items of indefinite length may be added and recorded, means being also provided for recording a total at any point in the series and for clearing the machine before beginning a new se ries.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction of mechanism employed with particular reference to the means for totalizing and clearing, as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan broken away at various points to illustrate different portions of the machine. Fig. 4 is an elevation of the mechanism adjacent to the inside of the frame. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the reverse side'of locking mechanismillustrated in Fig. 2, and Fig. 6 is a vertical elevation of a portion of Fig. 2.

In general construction the machine com-' prises a suitable framework A, to which is attached a keyboard B, comprising a plurality of series of keys, each series containing the numerals from 1 to "9 and corresponding to one denomination of the numbers added and recorded. Each individual key C is suitably connected, as by the lever D, with a vcrtically-movablo stop-rod E, all of the rods of a single series being arranged in alinement and in the path of a reciprocatory rack-bar F. This rack-bar is carried by swinging links G G, the latter constituting the actuating connection for the printing or recording mechanism, and said rack-bar is adapted for engagement with a corresponding pinion H, connected to a register-wheel ll,:a series of these register-wheels being sleeved upon a shaft 1, extending across the machine. The

. shaft I is secured in vertically-adjustable bearings in opposite sides of the frame, and mechanism is provided (as will be hereinafter side of each stop-bar.

described) for raising and lowering said shaft, so as to disengage or engage all of the pinions with their corresponding rack-bars.

The mechanism of the. machine is actuated by a suitable crank-handle secured to a rockshaft J extending transversely of the frame. J is arock-arin on this shaft, which is provided with a roll J engaging aslotted rockarin J secured to a rock-shaft J J is a universal bar secured to rock-arms J upon the shaft J 4 and provided with antifriction-rolls J 7 thereon, which in normal position of parts bear against the respective links G, connected to the racks F. The bar J has also attached thereto a series of springs J, the opposite ends of which are attached to the links G, the arrangement he ing such that the rocking forward of the bar J will simultaneously withdraw the rolls J from the path of the links G and place a ten sion upon the springs J which will 'ieldi1igiy draw the raclebars F forward. 0

WVith the construction as thus far k escribed the depression of any one of the keys belonging to a series will raise the corresponding stop-bar E, and when subsequently the shaft J. is rocked motion will be communicated therefrom through the connections described to rock forward the universal bar J", thereby causing a forward movement of the rack-bar until further movement is arrested by the stop E. Thus the amount of movement iniparted .to the rack-bar is determined by the particular key which is depressed. 111 addition to the stop-bars E there is a stop E for each series, which is in the form of a rock-arm pivoted upon a shaft E and normally in the path of the corresponding rack-bar l his stop, as will be hereinafter explained perm its su'llicient movement of the rack-bar to cause the printing of a cipher, but not sullicient to make an addition upon the register-wheel ll. Whenever one of the stop-bars E is raised the stop E will be lifted thereby out of the path of the rack-bar. For holding the stops E in elevated position when actuated by their corresponding keys a latch K. is arranged adjacent to each series and is adapted to engage with a projecting lug or shouider ii at the The arrangement is such that where one key of a series has been depressed and its stop-bar conseque n ly locked in elevated position by tlieiatch-bar F, the amount of this return movement being first determined by the limit to the forward movement imposed by the stop-bars E. It is thus necessary to hold the pinions H out of engagement with the rack-bars during the forward movement of the latter and then to engage the same for actuat on during the return movement." On the other hand, when a total is to be recorded it is necessary to reverse the engagement of the rack-bars with the pinions, so that the latter will. be actu ated during the forward movement of the racks. This is for the reason that the printing mechanism is actuated by the rack-bars,

as previousiy stated, the particuiar numeral. recorded being determined by the amount of forward movement of the rack-bar. Thus in the operations of registering and adding items each number recorded'corresponds to the actuated key of the series to which it belongs; but in totalizing the numeral recorded must correspond to the numeral which is exhibited on the register-wheei, and this can only be accompiished by permitting a movement of the rack-bar equal to that required for turning the register-wheel from zero to the numeral exhibited thereby. It will therefore be understood that the engagement of the pinion with the rack-bar before the forward movement \of the latter VVlil cause the reverse rotation of the register-wheel, and by providing means for stopping said wheel at the zeropoint the amount of movement permitted the rack-bar will correspond exactly to the num her. which was exhibited on the wheel.

To accomplish the results, above described, mechanism must be provided whereby the item-adding operations will automatically of alternatively disengaging the pinions engage the pinions with the racks between the completion .oftheir forward movement and the beginning of the return movement.

- On the other hand, in totalizing, a reverse operation must be accomplished, whereby the pinions are engaged with the racks before the latter move forward. Furthermore, to permit of recording both clearing totals (by which the machine is set at zero ready for the beginning of a new series) and Subtotals (which do not clear the machine} the totalizing mechanism must be capable the racks after their forwardmovement or maintaining them in engagement-with said racks during both forward and return movement'. In the latter case the register-wheels from after being first turned back to zero will be restored to the same position they occupied before the totalizing operation, and con sequently items subsequently recorded will be added to those already in the machine. Viith the present invention these results are accomplished by providing a single key which controls both the recording of clearing totals and Subtotals, the two operations being differentiated by releasing said key in one case before the completion of the operation and maintaining it depressed in the other case. The detailed construction of this mechanism is as follows: L are verti cally-extending bars upon opposite sides of the machine, in the upper ends of which the shaft I is secured. The lower ends of these bars normally rest upon lugs L, projecting from the frame, thereby holding .the shaft l. and the register wheels and pinions thereon ina position where said pinions are out of engagement with their racks. Adjacent to each bar L is a second vertically-extending bar L which at its upper end is pivotally connected to a lever or rock-arm L fulcrumed upon the frame at its opposite end and having an intermediate connection with the shaft 1 and bar L. The lower ends of the bars L have a lost-motion connection with a swinging shaft M, which extends transversely of the machine and is secured in rock-arms M, pivotally connected to the frame, being preferably sleeved upon a shaft- M upon which the links G are fulcrumed. The lost motion between the rods L and shaft M is provided by slotting said rods to engage the shaft, thereby permitting the shaft to lower during its swinging movement without di rectly drawing downward the rods, butin normal positioni. 6., when the shaft I is raised and .the shaft M is in its. upper position the latter bears against the end of the slot M so that the rods L form additional supports for the shaft I. Each of the bars L has pivotally connected thereto a link N,

which is slotted at N to engage with the shaft M, so as to permit a limited independent swinging of said shaft; but when the shaft has traveled to the end of the slot N a further movement thereof causes the drawing upon the linksN and the disengagement of the rods L from the supporting-lugs L. O are links connecting the shaft M with crankarms 0 upon the main rock-shaft J, the arrangement being such that when the machine is operated as has been described the rocking of the shaft J will cause the swinging of the shaft M, and after the lost motion in the link M is taken up the bars L will be withdrawn from the supporting-lugs L, permitting the shaft I to drop downward and engaging all of the pinions H with their corresponding racks F. The downward movement of the shaft I may be accomplished by gravity, but in addition thereto it is mechanically drawn down by springs L connecting the rods L and shaft M, which springs are tensioned as the latter travels to the lower end of the slots H and continues to swing downward under the actuation of the links 0.

The reverse rocking movement of the main shaft J will effect a liftin of the shaft I and a rengagement of the roos L with the supporting-lugs L. This is caused by the upward swinging of the shaft M, which after the lost motion is taken up pushes upward the rods L rocking the levers L and lifting the shaft I until the lower ends of the rods L l are sufficiently raised to engage with the lugs L: A spring L serves to draw the rods L into engagement with said lugs. Thus a complete reciprocation of the rock-shaft J will effect the lowering of the shaft I near the end of the forward movement and the raising of said shaft near the end of the return movement,the interval between being sufficient for a completereturn' movement of the rack-bars F and the actuation. of the respec tive pinions thereby during the item adding and recording operations. The'reversal in the operation of these barsduring totalizing is accon'iplished by the following mechanism: his the totalizing-key, which is con nected to a rock arm or lever P, connected to a rock-shaft, preferably the shaft M upon which the rock-arms M and the links G are sleeved. P are rockarms secured to the shaft M and extending upward therefrom on opposite sides .of the machine P are links connecting the arms P to the bars 'L; but sufficient lost metion is permitted, as by the slot 1", so that said bars L may be moved laterally under the actuation of the links N without movement of the rock-arms P (in the other hand,' a rocking of said rock-arms P? under the actuation of the rock-arm P when the key P is depressed will cause the lateral movement of the bars L to disengage the same from the supporting lugs L. P

With the parts just described whenever the key I is first depressed and the rockshaft J then actuated the bars L will be Withdrawn from their supports, so that in the initial operation of the mechanism the shaft I will be lowered, and the timing ofthe parts. is such that the pinions will be competely engaged with the racks before the latter travel forward. If a subtotal is to be recorded, the key P is held in its depressed position during the return movement also of therock-shaft J ,,thus maintaining the engagement between the pinion and rack-baruntil at the regular time the operation of the shaft M and bar L will effect the disengagement, as inthe item-recording opera tions. On the other hand, if a clearing total is to be recorded, disengagement of the pinions from the racks must be effected before the latter begin their return, this being accomplished by the following mechanism: Q is a rock-shaft, preferably the shaft upon which the links G are independently fulcrumed, said shaft extending to opposite sides of the frame and having secured thereto at opposite ends the bell-crank levers Q. One arm a of each of theselevers extends to a point adjacent to the bar L and be neath a shoulder or roll I) thereon. The oppositearm b of each bell-crank has connected thereto the pivotal bar Q, which extends to a point adjacent to the rock-arin P and above a projecting pin or lug Q thereon. The bar L is also provided with a projecting lug or pin Q beneath the pivotal bar Q and in the normal Q is supported by the lugs Q Q, a spring Q being preferably provided for drawing the bar downward. The lug Q is provided with a shoulder (Z, and the bar Q is provided with a notch e, these parts being so arranged that when the rock-arms P are moved forward the pin Q will be carried to a position with the shoulder d thereof in registration with the notch 6. Engagement of the shoulder with the notch is, however, prevented so long as the bar L remains in normal position, for the reason that the lug Q prevents the dropping of the pivotal bar Q At the same time the registration of the shoulder (Z with the notch e, if maintained during the operaposition of parts said bar tion of the machine, will permit engagement of the said parts as soon as the bar L is low cred, and tiiis will occur upon ti .e initial downward swinging of the shaft M. 'l hus a coupling between the rock-arms P and the bellcrank levers Q is effected, hieh wl .en the key P is released and moves upward again will cause the rocking of said bell-cranks Q, causing the arms a thereof to engage with-the lugs b on the bars L and lift the latter, together with the'shaft I and register wheels and pinions.

It will be understood that the difference between a subtotal and clearing total is thus dependent upon whether the key l is held down or released. In the former case there will be no movement of the rock-arms P and consequently the lifting of the shaft 1 will be delayed until the swinging shaft M is returned and lifts the bars L this occurring after the return of the rack-bars F. 0'11 the other hand, the release of the key before the return movement of the rack-bars will, through the mechanism described, lift the shaft I, thereby permitting the registerwheels to remain at the zero position, which clears the machine.

To prevent disorganization or incorrect oporatiens of the machine. provision is made for controlling the operation of the key. P, so.

that when depressed and after the initial operation of the rock-shaft J it cannot be released untilt'he completion of the forward J minipletes'its forward rocking movement,

. cured-to the lever P, 1 o

movenient being caused by av spring S".

. roll S when the key P'is depressed, and dur- .as to provide a clear passage for the upward tween said lug S and the end of the member rocking of said shaft. Again, at the completicn of said for ward rocking movement if the key P is'released it'cannot be depressed again until the completion of the return movea went. To accomplish this, a segment S is secured to the rock-shaft J said plate being provided with a guide-flange S. projecting I from one side thereof. S is a lug or roll sel connected to the key P l and extending adjacent to the segment S. S is a member pivoted to the segments which hasa portion S complementary to the segmental guide S at one end thereof, and is a second pivoted member at the opposite end ofthe guide 3 anzl'having a. portion complementary thereto. The arrangement is such that in the normal position of parts the rollS bears against the pivoted member S, and upon a depression of the key P this roll is per rnittedto pass beneath the guide S. An inimediate return movement of the key is, however, prevented by the booking of the portion S? of the member S over the roll S", this 'lhus the key P is locked dow n until the shaft at the end of which. the common roll S bears against the member 8, rocking it sufiiciently to provide a clear path for the upward move-- ment of the roll. Where the key P is held depressedduring the return movement of the shaft J, as fora subtotal, the key is finally released by the operation of a pivoted men-.- her S ihis is arranged in the path of the ing-the forwardrocking'niovement of the shaft J said member S turns sufliciently to permit the passing of the-roll- During the return movement the member S is also rocked by the roll, and in so doing it bears against the pivoted member S actu ating the same against the tens on of the spring S, so

movement of the roll. The pivoted member S is further provided with an inwardl v-projecting lug S so arranged as to be'irr the path of the roll S during the forward rocking movement of the shaft J, causing the rocking of the mem'ber S until the roll is released from the flanges and the key P is permitted to rise. If, then, an attempt is made to again depress the key, it prevented by engagement of the roll with said lug 8*, the space he l 8' being less than the diameter of the roll, so that the roll cannot again he suiiiciently depressed to pass beneath the guide-tlangeS.

'l he operation of the key P is made positive, both in its downward and its return movement, by suitably camming the ends of the guid e S. 'lhese cam portions are so shaped that after the key is depressed a portion of its stroke the cam will engage with the roll S and force the key downward the remaining distance. In the same manner the .for releasing release of the key at the end of the forward that is needed is a spring, such as P; of light tension for initially returning the key. and

the subsequent movement is positively actuated by the rocking of the shaft J.

The lifting of the shaft I and connected parts through the medium of the cam and roll S requires the application of a considerable force not need ed during the itemrecording operations. Instead, therefore, of providing a returning spring for the shaft J of sufficient tension to supply this additional force an auxiliary spring R is employed, which is only placed under tension when the total-key is depressed. This spring has illustrated, is connected at one end to the frame and at its opposite end to a bell-crank.

lever R", fulcrumed upon the frame. One arm of this bell-crank is provided with an extension member R which has a limited oscillatory movement in relation to the bell-crank formed by the pin R engaging a slot R. while a spring R holds the pin R nornlallv against one end of said slot. v j R" is a lug or roll secured to the crank O, which in the swinging of said crank travels in proximity to the extension-arm R of the bell-crank lever R but said extension-arm is normally in a position to clear the path of said roll.

R is a finger projecting from the extension B into the path of apin R upon the tota1iz .ing-key P and so arranged that upon the depression of said key the extension R will be moved into the path of the roll R. Thus when said key is depressed and the shaft J is rocked the roll R will actuate the bell-crank lever R, placing the spring R under tension. Upon the return movement of the rock-shaft J the force stored in this spring will be exerted and will supply the additional power required to cause the cam S to force upward the roll S and operate the connected mechanism for lifting the shaft 1.

. For mnvenien'ce in correcting errors in the operation of the keys machines of this character have heretofore been provided with error-correcting keys capable of releasing the latches K, which hold the stop-bars E in raised position. In the present construction I have provided connections whereby the same error-correcting key may be employed has been accidentally depressed and before the operation of the crank-shaft J.

a rock-arm T for actuating a rock-arm T? on the total-key where the latter As shown, Tis the error-correcting key, which is connected to operate a rock-shaft 'l", having a rock-shaft T. This rock-shaftT extends across the machine adjacent to the several latches K for (the different series of stops E, and fingers T projecting from the shaft T, are arranged to operate said latches when the shaft is locked. Thus the actuation of the correcting-key T will simultaneously release all of the latches and the stop-bars held in raised position thereby.

For releasing the total-key P a link T is connected at one end to the rock-arm T and at its opposite end to a lever T, which is pivoted to the frame. The free end of this lever has a roll T so arranged in relation to the pivoted member S that during the depression of the correcting-key T the rocking of the lever T will cause the roll T to bear against said member S moving the latter sufficiently to release it from engagement with the roll S and thereby releasing the total-key.

To prevent an accidental operation of the machine when both the totalizing-key and some of the other keys are depressed, provision is made whereby the o eration of said totalizing-key will release al the other keys. For this purpose a bar U isslidably secured to the frame, as by pins U, engaging slotted bearings in the bar. U is a pin projectingfrom this bar and engaging a slotted bearing in one of the roclr-arms P U is an arm projecting downward from the bar U, and U is a pin projectinginto the path of said arm and attached to a rock-arm U on the rock-' shaft T Through the medium of the parts just described whenever the key P is depressed the bar U will be moved longitudinally by the pin U? and the arm U will actuate the rock-arm U and rock-shaft T so as to effect releasing of all the latches in the same manner as where actuated by the corrooting-key T.

In the operation of the totalizing mechanism as previously described it has been stated that the various register-wheels are turned -baclrward and arrested .at .the zero-point.

For this purposea universal stop-bar V is pivotally secured in the frame to be capable of a rocking movement, and in one osition of this bar it projects into the path offingers V on each of the register-wheels. The normal position of the bar V is such as to lock said fingers, and it is only upon the operation of the totalizing mechanism that it engages said fingers. This operation is effected by providinga rock-arm V on the bar Y, which has a pin Y engaging a slotted bearing Y on the slidable bar U. As this bar U is actuated by the totalizing-key', it will be understood that the universal stop-bar V will be simultaneouslyoperated through the medium of the parts just described.

To permit the rack-bars F to move forward during the, totalizing operation, the series stops E must be raised to clear the ends of said bars. For this purpose a rock-arm W is pivoted to the frame and provided at its free end with a roll W, engaging a cam-slot IN in the slidable bar U, so that during the movement of said bar the arm IV will be actuated.

W is a universal bar connected to the rockarm IV and extending beneath all of the series stops E, the arrangement being such that the said stops are all lifted by the depression of the totalizing-key.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In an adding-machine the combination with a reciprocatory' rack-bar, a registerwheel, an associated pinion in the plane ofsaid raokand a vertically-adjustable shaft upon which said pinion and register-wheel are mounted, of means for automatically engaging and disengaging said pinion and rackbar comprising a detent for holding said shaft.

in its raised position, means for disengaging said detent between the forward and return movements of said rack, and means for lifting said shaft and rengaging said detent after the completion of the return movement; an independent optionally-operable means controlling the engagement and disengagement of said rack and pinion comprising a single operating-lever, a connection to said lever for releasing said detent, a lever for raising the shaft to reengage said detent, and a connection between said first and last men-.

. tioned lever for operating the latter upon the return movement of the former.

2. In an adding-machine the combination with a reciprocatory rack-bar, a registerwheel, an associated pinion in the plane of said rack-bar and a vertically-movable shaft on which said pinion and wheel are mounted, of automatically-operating mechanism for engaging and disengaging said rack andpinion comprising timed mechanism for raising and lowering said shaftrespectively before and after the reciprocation of said rack-bar, a detent for holding said shaft from lowering and means for automatically disengaging said detent between the forward and return movements of said rack; asingle optionally-operable lever for independently controlling engagement and disengagement of said rack and pinion, a connection to said lever for disengaging said detent, a lever for lifting said shaft to rengage said detent, and means operating upon the movement of said first-mentioned lever in one direction and the lowering of said shaft, for effecting a coupling between said first and last mentioned levers, whereby 1 the latter may be operated by the return movement of the former, and means for disengagin said coupling upon the raising of said sha t. r

3. In an adding-machine thecombination with a reciprocatoryrack-bar and a register- Wheel and pinion, of a vertically-movable shaft on which said wheel and pinion are mounted, a vertical rod for supporting said shaft in raised position, a bearing upon which the lower end of'said rod rests, means for (118- "engaging said rod from its bearing to permit the lowering of said shaft, timed to operate between the forward and return movements of said rack-bar, means for lifting said shaft and. reengaging said rod with said bearing after .the completion of the movement of said rack, an optionally-operable lever, a connection between said lever and rod, whereby the latter is disengaged from itS'SllPPOitifigbearing upon the'movement of the former in one direction, a lever for lifting said .rod to permit rengagement' of the same with said supportingbearing and a link or pawl extending between said first and last mentioned levers for automatically coupling the same upon the said movement of said firstmentioned lever in one direction and the lowering of saidshaft, whereby the return movement of said lever will effect the raising'of said shaft.

4. In an adding-machinethe combination with a reciprocatory'rack bar and a pinion, of timed automatically-operating mechanism for engaging and disengaging said rack and pinion, an optionally-operable lever, a con-- nection whereby the movement-of said lever in one direction will advance the time of engagement of said rack and 'pinion, automat ically-operating means .for temporarily pre venting the return movement ofsaid lever, a lever for independently ion and a normally disconnected coupling bei l l l l l I 1 disengaging said pmtween said first and last mentioned levers, l

adapted to be engaged during the interval in which said first-mentioned lever is locked, whereby the return movement of said lever will effectthe disengagement of saidrack and pinion;

5. In an adding-machine the combination with a reciprocatory rack and a register-pinion, of timed automatically-opcratingmechanism for engaging and disengaging said rack antl pinion, an independent optionally-open able means for effecting said engagement and disengagement,comprising a lever which when moved in one direction advances the time of engagement and when moved in the opposite direction advances the time of disengagement, automatic controlling means whereby said lever can only be actuated in one direction in advance of the operation of said automatic' mechanism, whereby-the return movement is timed.

6. In an adding-machine the combination with item-registering keys and a totalizingkey, of means forautomatically locking said keys when depressed and means whereby the operation of said totalizing-key will release previously-locked item-registering keys and the operation of the latter'will release the former.

7. In an addin machine the combination 1011, an optionally-operable lever for independently effecting said engagement and disengagement upon movement thereof in oppositedirections and a cam operating after the initial movement of said lever for supplying the power to complete the movement thereof and actuate the mechanism operated 9. In an adding-machine the combinatidn with a series of reciprocatory racks and a series of cooperating pinions, of a vertically movable shaft upon which said pinions are 'mounted, automaticallyoperating timed mechanism for raising andlowering said shaft to engage and disengage said racks and pinio'ns, an optionally-operable lever forindependently effecting said engagement and disengagement, the former upon its operation in one direction and the latter'upon'the return movement, and power act-uating means operating after the initial return movement ofsaid lever for furnishing the power to complete the movement thereof;

'10. In an adding-machine the combination with a series of reciprocatory rack-bars and a series of cooperating pinions, of avertically-movable shaft upon which said pinions are mounted, reciprocatory automatic mechanism for raising and lowering said shaft to' effect the engagement and disengagement of said racks and pinions respec CHARLES N. MCFARLAND. Witnesses:

T. F. HEFFERNAN, W. A. ROBERTS-K 

